Improve/harden fail2ban configuration.

 * Use nftables sets with a timeout
 * Start daemon with a hardened unit file and restricted Capability
   Bounding Set.  (This requires to change the log path to
   /var/log/fail2ban/*.)
 * Skip database as we don't care about persistence.
 * Refactor jail.local

7 files changed, 135 insertions, 98 deletions

diff --git a/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/action.d/nftables-allports.local b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/action.d/nftables-allports.local
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c8c030
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/action.d/nftables-allports.local
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+[Definition]
+# No need to create sets and rules, these are defined globally in nftables.conf
+actionstart =
+actionstop =
+actioncheck =
+
+# unbanning is taken care of by setting a timeout on the nft set already
+actionunban =
+
+[Init]
+# With banaction = *-allports there is no need for separate rule names
+set_name = fail2ban
+blocktype = drop
+
+[Init?family=inet6]
+set_name = fail2ban6
diff --git a/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.local b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.local
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53cba35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.local
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+[Definition]
+
+# Option: logtarget
+# Notes.: Set the log target. This could be a file, SYSLOG, STDERR or STDOUT.
+#         Only one log target can be specified.
+#         If you change logtarget from the default value and you are
+#         using logrotate -- also adjust or disable rotation in the
+#         corresponding configuration file
+#         (e.g. /etc/logrotate.d/fail2ban on Debian systems)
+# Values: [ STDOUT | STDERR | SYSLOG | SYSOUT | FILE ]  Default: STDERR
+#
+logtarget = /var/log/fail2ban/fail2ban.log
+
+# Options: dbfile
+# Notes.: Set the file for the fail2ban persistent data to be stored.
+#         A value of ":memory:" means database is only stored in memory
+#         and data is lost when fail2ban is stopped.
+#         A value of "None" disables the database.
+# Values: [ None :memory: FILE ] Default: /var/lib/fail2ban/fail2ban.sqlite3
+dbfile = None
diff --git a/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nextcloud.conf b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nextcloud.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22305d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nextcloud.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Source: https://github.com/nextcloud/vm/blob/master/apps/fail2ban.sh
+
+[Definition]
+failregex=(?:^{|,)\"message\":\"Login failed: <F-USER>.*?</F-USER> \(Remote IP: '<HOST>'\)\"(:?,|}$)
+          (?:^{|,)\"message\":\"Login failed: <F-USER>.*?</F-USER> \(Remote IP: <HOST>\)\"(:?,|}$)
+          (?:^{|,)\"remoteAddr\":\"<HOST>\",.*Trusted domain error
diff --git a/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/roundcube.conf b/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/roundcube.conf
deleted file mode 100644
index c8cb5d3..0000000
--- a/roles/common/files/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/roundcube.conf
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-[Definition]
-
-# Option:  failregex
-# Notes.:  regex to match the password failures messages in the logfile. The
-#          host must be matched by a group named "host". The tag "<HOST>" can
-#          be used for standard IP/hostname matching and is only an alias for
-#          (?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<host>[\w\-.^_]+)
-# Values:  TEXT
-#
-failregex = IMAP Error: Login failed for \S+ from <HOST>\. AUTHENTICATE \S+: Authentication failed\.
-
-# Option:  ignoreregex
-# Notes.:  regex to ignore. If this regex matches, the line is ignored.
-# Values:  TEXT
-#
-ignoreregex =
diff --git a/roles/common/files/etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d/override.conf b/roles/common/files/etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d/override.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3e651f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roles/common/files/etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d/override.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+[Unit]
+After=nftables.service
+
+[Service]
+# Need explicit rights to read logs as we don't grant CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH
+SupplementaryGroups=adm
+
+# Hardening
+NoNewPrivileges=yes
+ProtectSystem=strict
+ReadWriteDirectories=/var/log/fail2ban
+RuntimeDirectory=fail2ban
+PrivateDevices=yes
+ProtectControlGroups=yes
+ProtectKernelModules=yes
+ProtectKernelTunables=yes
+RestrictAddressFamilies=AF_UNIX AF_NETLINK
+CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_NET_ADMIN CAP_NET_RAW
diff --git a/roles/common/tasks/fail2ban.yml b/roles/common/tasks/fail2ban.yml
index 84e6b7a..89427ea 100644
--- a/roles/common/tasks/fail2ban.yml
+++ b/roles/common/tasks/fail2ban.yml
@@ -1,37 +1,79 @@
 - name: Install fail2ban
   apt: pkg=fail2ban
 
-- name: Configure fail2ban
+# Log into a dedicate directory so we can use ReadWriteDirectories in
+# the .service file
+- name: Create directory /var/log/fail2ban
+  file: path=/var/log/fail2ban
+        state=directory
+        owner=root group=adm
+        mode=0750
+
+- name: Fix fail2ban logrotate snippet
+  lineinfile: dest=/etc/logrotate.d/fail2ban
+              state=present
+              line="/var/log/fail2ban/*.log"
+              insertbefore="^[^#]*\\s{$"
+  tags:
+    - logrotate
+
+- name: Configure fail2ban (fail2ban.local)
+  copy: src=etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.local
+        dest=/etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.local
+        owner=root group=root
+        mode=0644
+  register: r1
+  notify:
+    - Restart fail2ban
+
+- name: Configure fail2ban (jail.local)
   template: src=etc/fail2ban/jail.local.j2
             dest=/etc/fail2ban/jail.local
             owner=root group=root
             mode=0644
-  register: r1
+  register: r2
   notify:
     - Restart fail2ban
 
-- name: Add roundcube filter
-  copy: src=etc/fail2ban/filter.d/roundcube.conf
-        dest=/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/roundcube.conf
+- name: Configure fail2ban (action.d/nftables-allports.local)
+  copy: src=etc/fail2ban/action.d/nftables-allports.local
+        dest=/etc/fail2ban/action.d/nftables-allports.local
         owner=root group=root
         mode=0644
-  register: r2
-  when: "'webmail' in group_names"
+  register: r3
   notify:
     - Restart fail2ban
 
-- name: Add dovecot filter
-  copy: src=etc/fail2ban/filter.d/dovecot.conf
-        dest=/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/dovecot.conf
+- name: Copy filters
+  copy: src=etc/fail2ban/filter.d/
+        dest=/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/
         owner=root group=root
         mode=0644
-  register: r3
-  when: "'IMAP' in group_names"
+  register: r4
+  notify:
+    - Restart fail2ban
+
+- name: Create directory /etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d/override.conf
+  file: path=/etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d
+        state=directory
+        owner=root group=root
+        mode=0750
+
+- name: Harden fail2ban.service
+  copy: src=etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d/override.conf
+        dest=/etc/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.d/override.conf
+        owner=root group=root
+        mode=0644
+  register: r5
   notify:
+    - systemctl daemon-reload
     - Restart fail2ban
 
 - name: Start fail2ban
   service: name=fail2ban state=started
-  when: not (r1.changed or r2.changed or r3.changed)
+  when: not (r1.changed or r2.changed or r3.changed or r4.changed or r5.changed)
 
 - meta: flush_handlers
+
+- name: Delete /var/lib/fail2ban/fail2ban.sqlite3
+  file: path=/var/lib/fail2ban/fail2ban.sqlite3 state=absent
diff --git a/roles/common/templates/etc/fail2ban/jail.local.j2 b/roles/common/templates/etc/fail2ban/jail.local.j2
index 618fbd7..29b004c 100644
--- a/roles/common/templates/etc/fail2ban/jail.local.j2
+++ b/roles/common/templates/etc/fail2ban/jail.local.j2
@@ -7,87 +7,38 @@
 # jail.{conf,local} configuration files.
 destemail = admin@fripost.org
 
-# Specify chain where jumps would need to be added in iptables-* actions
-chain = fail2ban
+# "ignoreip" can be a list of IP addresses, CIDR masks or DNS hosts. Fail2ban
+# will not ban a host which matches an address in this list. Several addresses
+# can be defined using space (and/or comma) separator.
+ignoreip = 127.0.0.0/8, ::1, {{ ipsec_subnet }}
 
-# Choose default action.
-action = %(action_)s
-
-# Don't ban ourselves.
-ignoreip = 127.0.0.0/8 {{ ipsec_subnet }}
+banaction = nftables-allports
+logpath = /var/log/fail2ban/fail2ban.log
 
 #
 # JAILS
 #
 
-[ssh]
-
-enabled  = true
-port     = {{ ansible_port|default('22') }}
-filter   = sshd
-logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
-maxretry = 5
-
-[ssh-ddos]
-
-enabled  = true
-port     = {{ ansible_port|default('22') }}
-filter   = sshd-ddos
-logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
-maxretry = 2
-
-
-# Generic filter for pam. Has to be used with action which bans all ports
-# such as iptables-allports, shorewall
-[pam-generic]
-
-enabled   = true
-# pam-generic filter can be customized to monitor specific subset of 'tty's
-filter    = pam-generic
-# port actually must be irrelevant but lets leave it all for some possible uses
-port      = anyport
-banaction = iptables-allports
-logpath   = /var/log/auth.log
-maxretry  = 6
+[sshd]
+enabled = true
 
-{% if 'MX' in group_names %}
 [postfix]
+enabled = {{ 'MX' in group_names }}
 
-enabled  = true
-port     = smtp
-filter   = postfix
-logpath  = /var/log/mail.log
-maxretry = 10
-{% endif %}
-
-
-{% if 'IMAP' in group_names %}
 [dovecot]
+enabled = {{ 'IMAP' in group_names }}
 
-enabled = true
-port    = imap2,imaps,pop3,pop3s,sieve
-filter  = dovecot
-logpath = /var/log/mail.log
-{% endif %}
-
-
-{% if 'MSA' in group_names %}
-[sasl]
-
-enabled  = true
-port     = submission,submissions
-filter   = postfix-sasl
-logpath  = /var/log/mail.warn
-{% endif %}
-
+[postfix-sasl]
+enabled  = {{ 'MSA' in group_names }}
 
-{% if 'webmail' in group_names %}
-[roundcube]
+[roundcube-auth]
+enabled = {{ 'webmail' in group_names }}
+# XXX Bullseye: logpath = /var/log/roundcube/errors.log
 
-enabled  = true
-port     = http,https
-filter   = roundcube
-logpath  = /var/log/roundcube/errors
-{% endif %}
+[nextcloud]
+enabled = {{ 'nextcloud' in group_names }}
+port    = http,https
+filter  = nextcloud
+logpath = /var/log/nextcloud/nextcloud.log
 
 # vim: set filetype=dosini :